User contributions for WikiSysopIG

20 August 2026

• 12:5412:54, 20 August 2026 diff hist −37 FTSE 350 →Index reviews Tag: Visual edit
• 12:5412:54, 20 August 2026 diff hist −43 Correlation No edit summary current Tag: Visual edit
• 12:5312:53, 20 August 2026 diff hist −36 Ontology (information science) No edit summary current Tag: Visual edit
• 12:5312:53, 20 August 2026 diff hist −36 One Big Beautiful Bill Act of 2025 →Advantages current Tag: Visual edit
• 12:5212:52, 20 August 2026 diff hist −38 NASDAQ Industrial Index →Rebalancing current
• 12:5212:52, 20 August 2026 diff hist −402 One Big Beautiful Bill Act of 2025 No edit summary Tag: Visual edit
• 12:5012:50, 20 August 2026 diff hist −43 Variance No edit summary current Tag: Visual edit
• 12:5012:50, 20 August 2026 diff hist +7,180 N Variance Created page with "'''Variance''' is a statistical measure of the dispersion of observations around their mean. It measures the average squared deviation from the mean. In finance, variance is commonly used to measure the variability of investment returns and is an important component of volatility, portfolio risk, and portfolio theory. ::contentReference[oaicite:0]{index=0} ==Population variance== For a population of <math>N</..."
• 12:4912:49, 20 August 2026 diff hist +6,467 N Pearson correlation coefficient Created page with "'''Pearson correlation coefficient''' is a statistical measure of the strength and direction of the linear relationship between two variables. It is commonly used in statistics, economics, finance, and other quantitative fields. The Pearson correlation coefficient is commonly denoted by <math>r</math> for a sample and <math>\rho</math> for a population. Its value ranges from −1 to +1: <math> -1\leq r\leq1 </math> A value close to +1 indicates a strong positive..." current
• 12:4812:48, 20 August 2026 diff hist +7,243 N Covariance Created page with "'''Covariance''' is a statistical measure of the extent to which two variables tend to vary together. In finance, covariance is commonly used to measure the joint movement of the returns of two assets and is an important component of portfolio risk calculations. A positive covariance indicates that two variables tend to move in the same direction, while a negative covariance indicates that they tend to move in opposite directions. ==Populati..." current
• 12:4712:47, 20 August 2026 diff hist +6,967 N Correlation Created page with "'''Correlation''' is a statistical measure of the degree to which two variables move together. In finance, correlation is commonly used to measure the strength and direction of the relationship between the returns of two assets. The Pearson correlation coefficient is commonly used to measure linear correlation. A correlation coefficient ranges from −1 to +1: <math> -1\leq\rho_{XY}\leq1 </math> where: * <math>\rho_{XY}=+1</math> indicates perfect positive l..."
• 12:4612:46, 20 August 2026 diff hist +6,055 N Standard deviation Created page with "'''Standard deviation''' is a statistical measure of the dispersion of observations or returns around their mean. In finance, it is commonly used to measure the variability of an asset's returns and is often used as a measure of total risk or volatility. A higher standard deviation indicates that observations are more widely dispersed around the mean, while a lower standard deviation indicates that observations are more closely concentrated around the mean. ==Popul..." current
• 12:4512:45, 20 August 2026 diff hist +10,021 N Volatility (finance) Created page with "'''Volatility''' is a statistical measure of the degree to which the price or return of a financial asset fluctuates over time. It is commonly used as a measure of market risk and uncertainty. Higher volatility indicates larger or more frequent fluctuations in an asset's price or returns, while lower volatility indicates relatively smaller fluctuations. ==Concept== Volatility is commonly measured using the Standard deviation|standard deviati..." current
• 12:4512:45, 20 August 2026 diff hist +6,446 N Put option Created page with "'''Put option''' is a type of option that gives the holder the right, but not the obligation, to sell an underlying asset at a predetermined price on or before a specified date, depending on the option's exercise terms. The predetermined price is known as the '''strike price''' or '''exercise price'''. The buyer of a put option generally pays a '''premium''' to the option seller for this right. ==Concept== A simplified put option can be repres..." current
• 12:4412:44, 20 August 2026 diff hist +7,138 N Call option Created page with "'''Call option''' is a type of option that gives the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy an underlying asset at a predetermined price on or before a specified date, depending on the option's exercise terms. The predetermined price is known as the '''strike price''' or '''exercise price'''. The buyer of a call option generally pays a '''premium''' to the option seller for this right. ==Concept== A simplified call option can be repr..." current
• 12:3912:39, 20 August 2026 diff hist −44 Payment tokenization →Tokenization and encryption current
• 12:3812:38, 20 August 2026 diff hist −516 Payment tokenization No edit summary Tag: Visual edit
• 12:3712:37, 20 August 2026 diff hist +9,855 N Payment tokenization Created page with "'''Payment tokenization''' is a data-security process in which sensitive payment information, such as a primary account number (PAN), is replaced with a non-sensitive substitute known as a '''payment token'''. The token can be used in payment transactions without exposing the underlying card information to merchants or other parties that do not need access to it. :contentReference[oaicite:0]{index=0} Payment tokenization is used to reduce..."
• 12:3612:36, 20 August 2026 diff hist +10 Short selling →Borrowing securities current
• 12:3512:35, 20 August 2026 diff hist +10,420 N Short selling Created page with "'''Short selling''' is a trading strategy in which an investor sells a security that they do not currently own, typically by borrowing the security, with the expectation that its market price will decline. The investor later seeks to purchase the security at a lower price and return it to the lender. Short selling is commonly used for speculation, hedging, and portfolio risk management. ==Concept== A simplified short-selling t..."
• 12:3412:34, 20 August 2026 diff hist +35 N Speculation Redirected page to Speculation (finance) current Tag: New redirect
• 12:3412:34, 20 August 2026 diff hist +10,661 N Speculation (finance) Created page with "'''Financial speculation''' is the practice of taking a financial position with the expectation of profiting from anticipated changes in the price, value, or other characteristics of an asset or financial instrument. Speculators generally accept market risk in pursuit of potential returns. Unlike hedging, which primarily seeks to reduce or offset an existing exposure, speculation generally involves deliberately assuming or increasin..." current
• 12:3312:33, 20 August 2026 diff hist −3 Beta (finance) →Beta and Sharpe ratio current
• 12:3212:32, 20 August 2026 diff hist +38 N Category:Pages with math render errors Created page with "Category:Pages with math render errors" current
• 12:3212:32, 20 August 2026 diff hist +5 Swap (finance) →Swap valuation current
• 12:3112:31, 20 August 2026 diff hist +5 Swap (finance) →Total return swap
• 12:3012:30, 20 August 2026 diff hist −3 Swap (finance) →Commodity swap
• 12:3012:30, 20 August 2026 diff hist +5 Swap (finance) →Example of an interest rate swap
• 12:2912:29, 20 August 2026 diff hist +13,031 N Forward contract Created page with "'''Forward contract''' is a derivative contract in which two parties agree to buy or sell an underlying asset, financial instrument, or other reference at a predetermined price on a specified future date. The predetermined price is commonly called the '''forward price'''. Unlike an option, a forward contract generally creates an obligation for both parties to complete the transaction according to the contractual terms...." current
• 12:2812:28, 20 August 2026 diff hist +13,964 N Swap (finance) Created page with "'''Swap''' is a derivative contract in which two parties agree to exchange specified cash flows according to predetermined terms over a specified period. The cash flows are generally calculated by reference to an underlying variable such as an interest rate, currency exchange rate, commodity price, or other financial reference. Swaps are commonly used for hedging, risk management, financing, and..."
• 12:2712:27, 20 August 2026 diff hist +12,844 N Derivative (finance) Created page with "'''Financial derivative''' is a financial contract whose value is derived from the value or performance of an underlying asset, financial instrument, index, rate, or other reference variable. Derivatives are commonly used for hedging, speculation, arbitrage, portfolio management, and risk transfer. The underlying reference can include equities, bonds, commodities, currencies, interest rates, credit instr..." current
• 12:2512:25, 20 August 2026 diff hist +15,006 N Hedging Created page with "'''Hedging''' is a risk-management strategy in which an investor, business, or other market participant takes a position intended to offset or reduce the potential adverse effect of an existing exposure. Hedging is commonly used to manage risks arising from changes in asset prices, interest rates, exchange rates, commodity prices, credit conditions, and other financial variables. A hedge generally reduces exposure to a particular risk rather than eliminating all inv..." current
• 03:5103:51, 20 August 2026 diff hist +11,341 N Option (finance) Created page with "'''Options''' are derivative contracts that give the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an underlying asset at a specified price within a specified period or on a specified date. The specified price is called the strike price or exercise price. The buyer of an option generally pays the seller, or writer, a premium for this right. Options are widely used for Hedging..." current
• 03:5003:50, 20 August 2026 diff hist +8,768 Texas hedge No edit summary current Tag: Visual edit: Switched
• 03:4903:49, 20 August 2026 diff hist +25 N Texas Hedge WikiSysopIG moved page Texas Hedge to Texas hedge current Tag: New redirect
• 03:4903:49, 20 August 2026 diff hist 0 m Texas hedge WikiSysopIG moved page Texas Hedge to Texas hedge
• 03:4803:48, 20 August 2026 diff hist −4 Texas hedge No edit summary Tag: Visual edit
• 03:4803:48, 20 August 2026 diff hist +2,310 N Texas hedge Created page with "'''Texas hedge''' is an investment strategy in which an investor takes an offsetting position in a related security or financial instrument to reduce exposure to an existing position. The term is commonly used in financial markets and risk management. Unlike a conventional hedge that is designed primarily to reduce risk, a Texas hedge generally involves taking a position that can increase the potential for both gains and los..."

17 August 2026

• 10:1410:14, 17 August 2026 diff hist +15 Factor investing →Quality factor current
• 10:1310:13, 17 August 2026 diff hist +5 Factor investing →Momentum factor
• 10:1210:12, 17 August 2026 diff hist +9,875 N Quantitative finance Created page with "'''Quantitative finance''' is a field of financial economics that applies mathematics, statistics, probability theory, and computer science to the analysis, valuation, trading, and risk management of financial assets and portfolios. It is also known as '''mathematical finance''' or '''financial engineering''' in contexts where mathematical and computational methods are..." current
• 10:1010:10, 17 August 2026 diff hist +7,760 N Factor model Created page with "'''Factor model''' is a mathematical model used in financial economics, asset pricing, portfolio management, and quantitative finance to describe the relationship between an asset's return and one or more common factors. Factor models seek to explain differences in asset returns through systematic factors while separating those effects from asset-specific components. ==Gener..." current
• 10:0910:09, 17 August 2026 diff hist +10,466 N Factor investing Created page with "'''Factor investing''' is an investment approach that involves selecting and weighting securities according to specific characteristics, known as factors, that are associated with differences in expected returns, risk, or other investment outcomes. Factor investing can be implemented across asset classes and is commonly used in portfolio management, quantitative investing, and..."
• 10:0810:08, 17 August 2026 diff hist +7,695 N Arbitrage pricing theory Created page with "'''Arbitrage pricing theory''' ('''APT''') is a multifactor asset-pricing theory that explains the expected return of an asset as a function of its sensitivity to multiple systematic risk factors. It was developed by Stephen Ross and introduced in 1976. Unlike the Capital asset pricing model (CAPM), which uses a single systematic risk factor represented by market beta, APT allows multiple economic and financial factors to influence expected..." current
• 10:0710:07, 17 August 2026 diff hist +10,670 N Asset pricing Created page with "'''Asset pricing''' is a field of Financial economics that studies how the prices and expected returns of financial assets are determined. It examines the relationship between an asset's expected cash flows, risk, uncertainty, investor preferences, and market conditions. Asset-pricing theory is used to analyze securities and financial claims such as stocks, bonds, derivatives, and other investment assets. ==Basic conc..." current
• 10:0110:01, 17 August 2026 diff hist +10,053 N Financial economics Created page with "'''Financial economics''' is a branch of economics that studies how financial markets, financial institutions, assets, and economic decisions interact. It applies economic theory and quantitative methods to questions involving the allocation of capital, valuation of financial assets, risk, investment, interest rates, and financial decision-making. Financial economics is closely related to finance, Financial econometrics|financial economet..." current
• 09:5909:59, 17 August 2026 diff hist +6,642 N Risk premium Created page with "'''Risk premium''' is the additional return that investors require or expect for holding an investment that carries risk compared with a relatively risk-free investment. It is a fundamental concept in financial economics, asset pricing, portfolio management, and corporate finance. The risk premium compensates investors for bearing different types of investment risk, depending on..." current
• 09:5809:58, 17 August 2026 diff hist +8,889 N Beta (finance) Created page with "'''Beta (finance)''' ('''β''') is a measure of an asset's or portfolio's sensitivity to movements in the return of a market benchmark. It is commonly used as a measure of systematic risk in the Capital asset pricing model (CAPM), portfolio management, and risk-adjusted performance analysis. A beta of 1 indicates that an asset has the same systematic risk as the market benchmark. A beta greate..."
• 09:5709:57, 17 August 2026 diff hist +6,306 N Jensen's alpha Created page with "'''Jensen's alpha''' is a risk-adjusted return measure that evaluates the performance of an investment or portfolio relative to the return predicted by the Capital asset pricing model (CAPM). It measures the excess or shortfall of an investment's actual return relative to its CAPM-implied expected return, given its level of systematic risk. ==Calculation== Jensen's alpha is commonly calculated as: <math> \alpha_p = R_p - \left[ R_f + \..." current
• 09:5709:57, 17 August 2026 diff hist +5,034 N Treynor ratio Created page with "'''Treynor ratio''' is a risk-adjusted return measure that evaluates the excess return generated by an investment relative to its systematic risk. Unlike the Sharpe ratio, which uses total volatility as its measure of risk, the Treynor ratio uses beta to measure sensitivity to systematic market risk. ==Calculation== The Treynor ratio is commonly calculated as: <math> \text{Treynor Ratio} = \frac{R..." current